The menstruation, or menstrual solution, or period, is the phase of the cycle where the uterine lining is shed, the intrauterine. Specifically, the term “menorrhea” refers to normal and regular bleeding, which usually lasts two up to seven days. The disorders menstrual regulation include menstrual circles that appear at a distance less than 21 or more than 35 days apart, when there are not three or more consecutive menstrual cycles and when the menstrual flow it’s very heavier or lighter than usual.
At the CarE MediC clinics , menstrual menstrual and and the appropriate treatment.
Menstrual Disorders: Types
The most common types of of period include:
- Amenorrhea (the absence of menstruation): There are two main types.
- Primary amenorrhea: when a girl has not had her first menstrual period by the age of 15. Adolescent girls who have not started menstruating by age 15 or 16, or within three years of breast development, are also considered to have amenorrhea. This condition may be related to hormonal disorders, severe stress, significant weight loss, excessive exercise, or polycystic ovary syndrome.
- Secondary amenorrhea: Absence of a period for 90 days or more in a woman who previously had normal menstrual cycles. (Excluding pregnancy, breastfeeding, or menopause.)
Certain conditions are normal causes of amenorrhea, such as pregnancy, breastfeeding, and menopause. Amenorrhea can also be caused by various medical conditions or by taking certain medications.
- Oligomenorrhea: Irregular and infrequent periods, with cycles occurring at longer intervals than normal. It is often associated with hormonal changes, polycystic ovaries, changes in body weight, or severe stress.
- Polymenorrhea / Frequent Menstruation: This refers to more frequent menstrual periods, when the cycle is shorter than normal. In some cases, bleeding may last more than seven days or occur at shorter intervals.
- Dysmenorrhea: Painful periods and severe menstrual cramps. The pain usually occurs in the lower abdomen shortly before or during menstruation and may be accompanied by swelling, headache, or fatigue. When the pain is particularly severe or worsens, it may be related to underlying conditions such as endometriosis.
- Menstrual Bleeding / Abnormal Uterine Bleeding: This includes heavier bleeding than usual, a period lasting longer than seven days, or bleeding between periods. In some cases, spotting, bleeding after sexual intercourse, or postmenopausal bleeding may occur and require further investigation.
When is a period considered normal?
The menstrual solution is considered normal when it appears in regularly chronologically intervals. Furthermore, it should not exhibit significant deviations at the duration or at the quantity of bleeding. Specifically, a normal menstrual cycle is calculated by the first day of period until first day of next. It usually lasts from 21 to 35 days, with no major fluctuations from month to month.
When the cycle shows systematic changes at the frequency, in the duration or at the tension of bleeding, then there is disorder of cycle. Menstrual disorders are quite frequent both in the adolescence as well as in the perimenopause. These are periods intense hormonal changes.
Causes of Menstrual Disorders
One of the most often causes are the hormonal disorders, which affect the normal function of axis hypothalamus – pituitary gland – ovaries. The polycystic ovary syndrome It is a common cause of irregular periods in women of reproductive age. Problems with the thyroid gland or increased levels prolactin can also affect the frequency and the duration of cycle.
At the same time, gynecological diseases such as the endometriosis, the fibroids, the multi-legged of matrix, the cysts ovaries or the inflammation of genital system are among the possible causes related to disorders of menstrual flow or with painful period.
The pregnancy and the breastfeeding These are also situations that can naturally affect the cycle. Finally, factors such as the stress, the large loss weight, the exhaustive diets or the excessive exercise contribute to appearance menstrual cycle disorders.
Menstrual Disorders: Symptoms
Menstrual Disorders They do not manifest in the same way in all women. In some cases, the symptoms is mild and temporarily. In other cases, they significantly affect the daily life and they need furthermore evaluation. Symptoms that may be related to disorders of cycle include:
- A menstrual cycle that occurs much more frequently or less frequently than normal.
- Absence of menstruation for a period longer than three months.
- Bleeding with a greater or lesser amount of blood than usual.
- A period lasting more than seven days.
- Spotting or bleeding between periods, after sexual intercourse, or after menopause.
- Severe pain in the lower pelvis or menstrual cramps.
- Symptoms such as swelling, fatigue, headaches, or mood changes.
How is the diagnosis made?
The investigation of the disorders of period begins with the download medical historical and the evaluation of the features of cycle, such as the frequency, the duration and the tension of menorrhagia. First, we must rule out the possibility of pregnancy. At the same time, the following are recorded possible factors which may affect the cycle, such as the stress, the loss weight or hormonal disorders. The following may also be recommended hormonal and hematological exams or/and gynecological ultrasound matrix and ovaries.
Managing Menstrual Disorders
The response of the disorders of period depends on the cause that causes them, the seriousness of the symptoms and the needs of every woman. In many cases, especially when changes in the cycle are transient or are related to periods hormonal changes, it may no special treatment is needed, but only monitoring.
When the disorders are related to the way life of patient, measures will be introduced to improve them by making them healthier nutrition, management of stress and balanced exercise. It is best to avoid extreme diets. In some cases, it may be recommended pharmaceutical or hormonal lawsuit for the adjustment of cycle.
If any are found underlying condition, such as polycystic ovary syndrome, disorders of thyroid or gynecological diseases, treatment is adjusted depending on the cause. When there are persistent bleeding, more may be required specialized response.
Dr. Dr. Kleio Hantziara, Endocrinologist – Diabetologist with training at Harvard University and Columbia University and many years of experience in the Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes at Evangelismos Hospital, specializes in the investigation of hormonal disorders that affect the female menstrual cycle, such as thyroid disorders, polycystic ovary syndrome, and metabolic disorders.
At the clinics CarE MediCclinics, in collaboration with the cardiologist Dr. Christos Maniotis, offers a comprehensive and personalized approach aimed at achieving proper hormonal balance and improving your overall health and quality of life. Contact us for timely and effective guidance.